Abstract Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is considered the most important risk factor, associated to cervical cancer, more tan 90% of the cervical cancer cases have some DNA strains of the virus, and the most prevalent of the genotypes is the 16, followed by genotype 18. The use of biological tests has been successful in the opportune diagnosis of the infection. These techniques are based in the recognizement of HPV DNA by PCR. Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of HPV and the most frequent genotypes in our population. Methodology: This study was realized in patients whom accepted the realization of the PCR test, in the Hospital Militar de Especialidades de la Mujer y Neonatología in the Mexico city, prospectively from march 2015 to october 2015. The main inclusion criteria was age above 35 years, lack of HPV disease previously diagnosed and all of them lived in the center of the country. Results: 142 female patients were analyzed. The prevalence obtained was 9%, 77% were at high risk, of which serotype 56 were the most frequent. The remaining 33% were classified as low risk, with only 3 cases, all had different genotypes, but none of them had 6 or 8. Conclusions: The Human Papilloma Virus prevalence varies among different studies in our country, as well as those performed worldwide. The existence of an organized system in our health care system may be one of the main contributors of our relative low prevalence.

Resumen Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia del virus del papiloma humano y describir los genotipos más frecuentes. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo y ambispectivo efectuado en pacientes atendidas en la consulta externa del Hospital Militar de Especialidades de la Mujer y Neonatología, entre marzo y octubre de 2015, para prueba de PCR con fines de detección del virus del papiloma humano (Digene® HC2 DNA Collection Device). Resultados: se registraron 142 pacientes mujeres. La prevalencia del VPH fue de 9%. El 77% estaba en riesgo alto, de las que el serotipo 56 fue el más frecuente. El resto (33%) se clasificó con riesgo bajo (n = 3) de diferente tipo, pero ninguno 6 u 8. En cuanto a la diferencia de medias con t de Student para el número de parejas sexuales y edad, respecto del resultado de la prueba de PCR, no se obtuvieron resultados estadísticamente significativos. Conclusiones: la prevalencia del virus del papiloma humano varía entre los diferentes estudios realizados en México. En el sistema de salud se requiere un programa organizado para poder disminuir la prevalencia del VPH.

In Mexico, medicinal plants are widely used. The use of Randia aculeata by healers against snakebites has never been scientifically tested in relation to possible effects on blood parameters and muscle tissue damage. Interviews were carried out in Jamapa, Veracuz, Mexico, with local residents to collect information about the traditional use of Randia aculeata. In this locality, seven pieces of fruit from the plant are mixed in a liter of alcohol, and then administered orally against snakebites. By using histological techniques and a murine model, we explored its cytoprotective properties against the effects of Crotalus simus and Bothrops asper venoms. Possible protections provided by the plant against tissue damage to skeletal and cardiac muscles and against the typical loss of red blood cells were analyzed. Randia aculeata caused an increase in microhematocrit and total hemoglobin, parameters that are often decremented in association with the loss of red blood cells, which is a characteristic effect of animal venom. Randia aculeata was also shown to protect against the lowering of platelet levels caused by Bothrops asper venom. Finally, Randia aculeata produced a partial inhibition of necrosis following administration of snake venom in skeletal and myocardial muscles. The present results provide solid evidence for the traditional use of Randia aculeata against snakebites, as demonstrated by protection against muscular tissue damage and the diminution of red blood cells.